Creative landscape design for Buddhist culture theme

1. Conceptual planning of the overall landscape

　　 (1) Landscape artistic conception flow design that fits the Buddhist culture "opening→deduction→resolve"

　　 Through the "opening→deduction→summation" of Buddhist culture, the overall construction of the scenic spot as an "international Buddhist dojo" is the flow of landscape artistic conception.

　　1, opening

　　 Daqian Customs District——A review of Buddhist culture

　　 Daqian Style Area is designed as a large open space with a length of more than 400 meters from east to west and a width of more than 600 meters from north to south. On the whole, it is centered on the lotus square. Because it is suitable for setting up landscape architecture, Buddhist lighthouses, cultural columns, lotus fountains, sculptures, Buddhist poetry forests, verses, patterns and other Buddhist cultural landscapes, the lotus is used as the main cultural element of the landscape to create the Jiuhua Mountain. As the theme of the Lotus Buddha Kingdom, it achieves the artistic conception of summarizing Buddhist culture. The landscape architecture is magnificent, and the Buddhist atmosphere is blowing. As a result, Daqian Customs District is the "first space" of the scenic spot, guiding tourists into the world of Buddhism from the outer space.

　　2, deduction

　　 Ksitigarbha Dojo District and International Dojo District——Buddhist culture separately

The 　　 Ksitigarbha dojo area is based on the legend and story of Jin Qiaojue and the Buddhist Ksitigarbha with a large bronze statue as the background and the central axis of the scenic spot. It displays Buddhist elements and interprets Buddhist culture:

　　 cassock gate and shrine: Based on the Buddhist story of Jin Qiaojue's "cassock borrowing place" as the background, the cassock, a typical element of Buddhist culture, is taken in to guide tourists into the realm of Buddhism.

　　Jin Qiaojue's Lecture Platform Plaza: Using photo-engraving technology to create a three-dimensional visual effect, and then express the air of Qiaojue's "living" (Buddha statue). In this way, all relevant stories and legends of Qiao Jue in Buddhist culture can also be reproduced.

　　 Dizang Open-Air Art Park: through the layout of painting screens and open-air art spaces, the most representative grottoes, paintings, sculptures and other artworks in Buddhist art are displayed, allowing visitors to have close contact with the material forms of Buddhist culture.

　　 Jizo's original wish: According to Sakyamuni’s "suppression of the heavens", the Jizo Bodhisattva’s great aspiration spirit of "all living beings are exhausted, and the bodhi can be proved; the hell is not empty, and you cannot be regarded as a Buddha".

　　Jehai Cihang: Realistically reproduce the hardships of "crossing the sea to learn the Fa" in Buddhism and the great enlightenment of "returning to the other shore" in Buddhism.

　　The international dojo area is based on Buddhist art, using realistic techniques and specific landscape buildings to interpret Buddhist culture and art and cultural connotations related to art:

　　Halloween Tallinn: In the form of a tower, historical relics of the Buddhist world are reproduced.

　　The World of Buddha (Garden): In the form of a garden, it displays the most exquisite Buddhist art and cultural traditions of Buddhist countries.

　　 Zen Yun Huize: Taking the International Buddhist Forum as the theme, it serves as a platform for the exchange of international Buddhist monks, Buddhist associations, and Buddhist clubs, so as to show the wonderful Buddhist ideas and connotations of various countries.

　　 Liuli Workshop and International Art Center: Use modern technology to reinterpret and sublimate Buddhist art.

　　 3. Summary

　　Buddha Rhyme Inner Repair Area——The Sublimation of Buddhist Cultural Experience

　　 Buddhist Academy: A cultural courtyard for Buddhist culture appreciation, practice, and research exchange.

　　Foyun Hospital and Nursing Home: An excellent space for Buddhist practice, recuperation and vacation.

　　 Tian Lai Yintang, Happiness Zen Room, "Heart on the Field" Bar, Countryside Buddhist House and Buddhist Garden: themed feasts of Buddhist culture.

　　 (2) Creating a landscape system that combines "points", "lines" and "planes"

On the basis of the analysis of the existing landscape texture, make full use of the mountain shape, water system, vegetation and other landscape patterns in the large bronze statue scenic spot, combined with the construction of Buddhist cultural and cultural landscapes and sketches to form "points", "lines" and "planes" The overall landscape pattern combining three levels.

　　1, the landscape "point"

　　 The large bronze statue scenic spot can use small green landscapes, various landscape squares and landmark buildings to construct the landscape "point" level of the landscape system.

　　 Small green landscapes are mainly soft landscapes such as vegetation, and contain Buddhist cultural sketches. These scenic spots include green areas with concentrated vegetation on both sides of the road, specially opened green space theme parks, etc. The former are like Shinto, and the latter are like Dharma Flower Beds and Buddha Tea Gardens. Small green landscapes should be carefully crafted in the planning and design to give visitors a green feeling and refreshing.

The landscape square is located at the important nodes of the overall landscape system of the scenic area, such as the Lotus Square, Jin Qiaojue's Sutra Square, Dizang Dayuan Square, Holy Fire Magic Nizhu Square, Jiuhua Baitan Square, etc., as an important tourist gathering and distributing of the scenic spot center.

　　 The landmark buildings are several groups of characteristic buildings, which are three-dimensional scenic spots that reflect the characteristics and momentum of the scenic spot. They are located at the gateway location of the scenic spot and the core point of the core functional area. The iconic buildings give people a strong impression, shocking momentum, the feeling of a Buddhist country and a beautiful perspective effect.

　　 In the construction of the overall landscape system of the big bronze statue, these landscape "points" are like pearls embedded in the entire scenic spot, playing the finishing touch.

　　2, the landscape "line"

　　 In the overall landscape system of the Big Bronze Statue Scenic Spot, the landscape "lines" can be divided into two categories. One is to string together the scenic spots and surfaces in the scenic spot to form a landscape corridor inlaid with pearls, and a tourist circle. The first type is the Liuchong and Shechong water systems in the scenic area. The two water systems are the landscape development axis on the north and south sides of the scenic area. Through the landscape "line", the messy landscapes, plots, and cultural elements are integrated into a flow of artistic conceptions to achieve the landscape effect of "moving sceneries with different intentions".

　　 3. Landscape "face"

　　 Relying on the original landscape texture of the scenic spot, the landscape "face" in the big bronze statue scenic spot is mainly constructed by two types of landscape elements: mountain and water. Thus, a pattern of scenic spots with water and mountains as the core and soft landscape as the mainstay is formed, and different areas of landscape atmosphere and artistic conception are constructed.

　　 The "Cihai Pudu" water landscape constructed by the north and south water systems and reservoirs is magnificent, and with red lotus planted everywhere, it gives people the feeling of a pure land of the Buddha country. The mountain landscape constructed by the stretch of the mountain is winding and winding, and the scenic area is claustrophobic, giving people a quiet and solemn atmosphere.

2. Conceptual planning of typical landscapes on Buddhist cultural themes

　　 (1) Landscape Design

　　 1. Construct the "bone and flesh" of the landscape from the elements of "mountain and water"

　　 A seamless waterscape with dots, lines and surfaces

　　 The two meandering water systems in the north and south of the scenic area lead the entire large bronze statue scenic area. Waterways connect various functional areas. Waterfalls, fountains, trickles, pools and other suitable scenery are set up.

　　 The perfect combination of "landscape pattern" landscape projects

　　The shadow of the Great Buddha Pond: The mountains, bronze statues, and waterscapes that may be hidden or appear, with rich shapes, reflect each other;

　　 Juhainazhi: Buddhism Waterfall located between Mingtang Mountain inside and outside;

　　Water Mill: A commercial shop located at the foot of the mountain and in the triangular waters;

　　……

　　2, rich vegetation and greening

　　Landscape Shelterbelt

　　 A landscape isolation belt (landscape protection forest belt) is set up along the 59 Highway and the north-south water system around the scenic area to isolate noise, prevent pollution, and increase the depth of field. Taking into account the Buddhist atmosphere and artistic conception of the scenic spot, tall evergreen trees and anti-pollution tree species, such as pine and cypress, are selected as the plant configuration.

　　Landscape Corridor

　　 Along the main internal road, an emerald necklace-like green axis is formed, and aromatic trees are used as street trees.

　　Landscape Ecological Forest

　　 The landscape ecological forest is used to form a green plate effect within each functional area. The landscape ecological forest is mainly composed of trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants.

　　 water system greening

　　The water surface uses red lotus as the background plant to create the atmosphere of the lotus buddhist country; the waterfront plants mainly use local native aquatic plants to protect the original landscape composition of the river bank and play the purpose of protecting the river bank.

　　3. Landscape sketches with changeable techniques

　　 is made up of lighthouses, cultural pillars, sculptures, painting screens, lithography and other various Buddhist cultural landscape sketches, all over the entire scenic spot.

　　 (2) Conceptual design of iconic landscape

　　 The 99-meter-high Jizo statue is located in the east of the scenic area in the west. It not only serves as a landmark of the entire scenic area, but also undoubtedly becomes the landscape symbol, cultural symbol and core attraction of the Jiuhua Mountain Scenic Area. However, in an area of nearly 700 acres, there is only one large bronze statue as a landmark landscape, which is somewhat monotonous and lacklustre. From the perspective of the landscape pattern, it is also easy to cause tourists to lose sight and psychological weightlessness. Therefore, one or two landmark landscapes should be constructed at the nodes on the east-west axis of the Jizang statue to make up for the integrity and harmony of the overall landscape system. Taking into consideration the psychology of tourists and the structure of the tour route, these two iconic landscapes should be selected at the entrance and the key points of the central axis tour route, namely the cassock gate landscape and the Sumi mountain landscape of the Jizo Grand Wish Plaza.

　　 kasaya gate view. The cultural creativity of the landscape comes from the story of Jin Qiaojue's "cassette borrowing place", borrowing from the structure and material of modernist architecture, and using exaggerated techniques to create a magnificent atmosphere. Thus, the gate not only satisfies the function of the entrance gate of the scenic spot, but is also an iconic cultural landscape, giving visitors a shock of Buddhist culture and perspective.

The gate landscape of 　　 cassock is a stretched membrane architectural structure. The cassettes of Buddhist monks are cleverly used to make the appearance of the membrane structure look like a cassock flying in front of the Bijia Peak of Jiuhua Mountain. The gate of the cassock is 9 meters deep from east to west, 45 meters wide from north to south, 18 meters at the highest point and 9 meters at the lowest point. The entire cassock gate landscape perfectly combines modern fashion and classical art.

　　The view of Mount Sumi in the Jizo Great Hope Plaza. The landscape of Mount Xumi is located almost at the center of the central axis of the Jizo Temple area. The cultural creativity comes from the description of Mount Xumi in Buddhism, and the function of the landscape is what Shakyamuni said.

　　The overall shape of Mount Sumeru is a hollow and realistic mountain structure. The highest part of the mountain is about 30 meters high, and the diameter of the thickest part is 30 meters. The mountain is covered with niches of Buddhas (gods) in the horizontal direction, and the corridors of flowing water and smoke are covered in the vertical direction.

The entire mountain body of Mount Xumi is made of glass steel. Numerous niches of Buddhas (gods) are rotatable structures. The niches of Buddhas (gods) and Sakyamuni in the niches are rotated out through mechanical facilities, and the niches on the top of the mountain are rotated. Jizo is through wind tunnel technology.

　　 The entire mountain is painted in golden yellow or patina. Water mist and dry ice are used during the day, with supplementary lighting at night. From a distance, the entire Mount Xumi appears to be suspended in the air.

　　 (3) Conceptual planning of architectural landscape

　　 The architectural landscape of the entire Big Bronze Statue scenic spot integrates a variety of modern architectural structures and technologies, and strives to not only satisfy the architectural function, but also conform to the modern atmosphere, Buddhist culture and the aesthetic sense of perspective. In this plan, there are four main types of architectural landscape proposals we suggest:

　　 1. Bionic architecture-"Foguang 360" Buddhist Club

　　 The idea of the bionic architecture of the "Foguang 360" Buddhist Club comes from the structure of the plant plantain. The plantain growing on the roadside has very regular leaf arrangement, and the angle between every two pieces is 137 degrees. Therefore, each leaf can get plenty of sunlight. Therefore, we designed a spiral building-"Foguang 360" Buddhist club, so that every house can be illuminated by sunlight throughout the year, making the whole building a "lighting" building. In order to create a Buddhist atmosphere, we use the "360" to mean that the sun shines every day, as if the Buddha's light shines on the atmosphere and sight of the world.

　　2. Folk-custom architecture-Lianhua Nanyuan, Beiyuan and Water Mill

　　Lianhua Nanyuan and Beiyuan are traditional Huizhou architectural forms. The shops are unified as Huizhou-like buildings with blue tiles and grey walls, wooden doors and windows, and are arranged in the Huizhou style commercial street pattern. The water mill is a typical Huizhou workshop, which is set up according to the water system. The overall layout of Lianhua Nanyuan, Beiyuan and Shuimofang constitutes the layout of the "front shop and back shop" style commercial street in ancient Huizhou. The street is made of bluestone slabs, undertaking the Liu Chong and Snake Chong water system, there are antique stone bridges across the water, and ancient Huizhou Qing-style palace lanterns are hung on both sides of the street. Boat ferry mode is adopted on the water, and it stops at any store door according to the needs of tourists.

　　3. Religious buildings-Jiuhua Temple, Buddhist Academy and Buddhist Hospital

　　 Buddhist architecture pays attention to feng shui, and there are conventional regulations in the layout. The spatial organization of the temple focuses on the strengthening of the central axis. The building uses the longitudinal elevation difference treatment to highlight the magnificence of the main building; the rest of the buildings use terraces to form courtyards, with a pleasant scale and compact layout, which contrasts with the solemnity on the central axis and satisfies the needs of monks and pilgrims. daily needs. The traffic organization uses stairs, ramps, small courtyards, corridors, etc. to form a sense of light and dark density, which organically connects the buildings as a whole.

　　4. Architectural accessory-architectural landscape sketches

Architectural sketches such as murals, colored paintings, sculptures, Chinese watches, lions, stone steles, religious props, etc. are often inseparable from the architectural landscape. These buildings are attached to the design as much as possible. They must be carefully crafted and integrated into the Buddhist culture. , Calligraphy, verses and other cultural elements, increase the cultural connotation of the sketch, and achieve the unity of knowledge, interest and culture.

　　 3. Buddhist cultural theme landscape style control requirements

　　 Jiuhua Temple, Buddhist academies, Buddhist hospitals, Buddhist museums and other religious buildings should plan the layout and architectural styles in a unified way to maintain the unity of styles.

　　Sumi Mountain, Buddhist clubs and other large buildings must not only meet the waterfront requirements, but also naturally fit the topography; the building materials mainly use wood and glass elements, which fit the traditional Chinese wooden structure ancient architectural form and the Buddhist cultural atmosphere.

　　 Recreational landscape architecture controls the volume of the building as much as possible, and strives for precision, smallness, ingenuity, and concealment. The form is simple and the style fits the big bronze statue scenic spot. The layout relies on the mountain shape and water structure, and is in harmony with the natural ecological environment of the scenic spot.